The Internet of Things Revolution: Challenges, Opportunities & the NIST IoTAB Report

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative force in our interconnected world, promising to revolutionize industries and enhance our daily lives. However, with great potential comes great responsibility, and the adoption of IoT technologies presents numerous challenges. To address these challenges and provide recommendations for accelerating IoT growth in the United States, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) established the IoT Advisory Board (IoTAB).

Key Findings from the IoTAB 2024 Report

Privacy Concerns

Privacy issues remain a significant barrier to widespread IoT adoption. The IoTAB report highlights several areas of concern and made over 100 recommendations.

1. Children's Privacy: As IoT devices become more embedded in children's daily lives through smart toys and educational tools, protecting their privacy is crucial.

2. Extended Reality (XR) and IoT: The merger of XR technologies with IoT raises significant privacy concerns due to the vast amounts of personal data collected.

Cybersecurity Risks

IoT cybersecurity concerns pose a major obstacle to widespread adoption. The report emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring and adaptation of security measures to stay ahead of evolving cyber threats targeting IoT devices.

National Security and Economic Risks

The dominance of Chinese companies in the IoT module market poses serious national security and economic risks. With Chinese companies accounting for 64% of the global market and projected to dominate the $67 billion IoT module market by 2030, there are concerns about the limited presence of U.S. companies in this crucial sector.

Smart Communities and Healthcare

The development of smart communities in the U.S. is progressing slowly and unevenly. Meanwhile, IoT is poised to revolutionize healthcare but faces significant challenges, particularly in terms of security and privacy concerns related to sensitive health data.

Recommendations and Implementation Prospects

The IoTAB report offers over 100 recommendations to address these challenges. Some key recommendations include:

1. Creating internationally compatible data minimization guidance for IoT devices.
2. Strengthening cybersecurity measures across IoT supply chain networks.
3. Passing comprehensive federal privacy legislation that includes IoT-specific provisions.
4. Promoting "Privacy by Design" in IoT device development and implementation.
5. Establishing clear policies for third-party data sharing and IoT device data use.

Likelihood of Implementation

What will become of the report and the recommendations? The implementation of these recommendations depends on the political will of the Executive Branch and Congress. Here's an unscientific analysis of the potential outcomes:

Executive Branch Actions:

• Likely to create data minimization guidance and strengthen cybersecurity measures.
• Probable promotion of "Privacy by Design" principles.
• Moderate likelihood of developing privacy transparency mechanisms.

Congressional Actions:

• Passing comprehensive federal privacy legislation remains uncertain.
• Moderate likelihood of including IoT-specific provisions in privacy legislation.
• Possible implementation of privacy disclosures on device labels, though challenges may arise.

Joint Executive and Congressional Actions:

• Moderate likelihood of encouraging plain language in IoT privacy policies.
• Less likely to endorse universal opt-out signals for IoT devices in the short term.

Conclusion

The IoT Advisory Board's October 2024 report serves as a wise roadmap for navigating the complex landscape of IoT adoption in the United States. By addressing key challenges such as privacy concerns, cybersecurity risks, and economic implications, the report provides an overview of the obstacles that must be overcome to realize the full potential of IoT technologies.

As we continue to embrace the IoT revolution, policymakers, industry leaders, and stakeholders should heed these recommendations to ensure a secure, privacy-conscious, and economically beneficial implementation of IoT technologies across various sectors. Only by addressing these challenges can we unlock the full potential of IoT and pave the way for a more connected and innovative future.

Reference

Internet Of Things Advisory Board. (October 2024). Report of the Internet of Things (IoT) Advisory Board (IoTAB). https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/25248153-the-iot-of-things-oct-2024-508-final_1

Mobile Phone Hacking: Warning Signs and Prevention

Our smartphones are an integral part of our lives, storing vast amounts of information. Unfortunately, this makes them prime targets for hackers. Recognizing the signs of a hacked phone and taking preventive measures is important for protecting your privacy and security.

Signs Your Phone May Be Hacked

Unusual Battery Drain

If your phone's battery is depleting much faster than usual, it could be a sign that malicious software is running in the background, consuming extra power[1].

Unexpected Data Usage Spikes

A sudden increase in data usage without changes in your online habits might indicate that a hacker is using your phone to transfer data or run background processes[1][5].

Strange Pop-ups and Ads

An abundance of pop-up ads, especially when you're not using your browser, could be a sign of adware infection[1][3].

Unfamiliar Apps

The appearance of apps you don't remember downloading is a red flag. Hackers can use these to gain access to your device or steal information[3][5].

Unusual Account Activity

If you notice unauthorized changes to your online accounts or unexpected password reset emails, your phone may have been compromised[3].

Performance Issues

Slow performance, frequent crashes, or your phone heating up for no apparent reason could indicate malware running in the background[1].

Mysterious Calls or Messages

If you see outgoing calls or messages in your logs that you didn't make, it's possible someone has gained control of your phone[7].

Preventing Phone Hacks

To protect your mobile device from hackers, consider implementing these preventive measures:

Keep Your Phone Updated

Regularly update your phone's operating system and apps. These updates often include critical security patches[4][5].

Use Strong Authentication

Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for your accounts and use complex, unique passwords. Consider using a password manager to help manage them[5][7].

Be Cautious with App Downloads

Only download apps from official app stores and check reviews and permissions before installing[5][6].

Avoid Public Wi-Fi

Use a VPN when connecting to public Wi-Fi networks to encrypt your data and protect your privacy[5][6].

Enable Remote Wiping

Set up features that allow you to remotely lock or erase your phone if it's lost or stolen[5].

Install Security Software

Use reputable mobile security software to protect against malware and other threats[5][6].

Be Wary of Phishing Attempts

Don't click on suspicious links in emails or text messages, as these could lead to malware installation or credential theft[6].

Regularly Back Up Your Data

Maintain regular backups of your phone's data. This can help you recover your information if your device is compromised[4].

By staying vigilant and following these preventive measures, you can significantly reduce the risk of your phone being hacked. Remember, your mobile security is in your hands – stay informed and proactive to keep your digital life safe.

Citations:
[1] https://www.avast.com/c-phone-hacking-signs
[2] https://us.norton.com/blog/how-to/how-to-remove-a-hacker-from-my-phone
[3] https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/mobile-security/help-i-think-my-phones-been-hacked/
[4] https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/how-protect-your-phone-hackers
[5] https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/family-safety/how-do-hackers-hack-phones-and-how-can-i-prevent-it/
[6] https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/mobile-security/7-tips-to-protect-your-smartphone-from-getting-hacked/
[7] https://www.kaspersky.com/resource-center/threats/how-to-stop-phone-hacking
[8] https://us.norton.com/blog/malware/is-my-phone-hacked

Emotional Welfare & Cyber-Career Survival

Some references & resources to assist in identifying and understanding various sources of stress and practicing relaxation techniques.

Reducing workplace stress
University of Illinois - Reducing workplace stress.
http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/familyworks/stress-04.html

How to help a suicidal person
From Psych Central.
http://www.metanoia.org/suicide/whattodo.htm

Post traumatic stress
National Center for PTSD - post traumatic stress.
http://www.ptsd.va.gov/public/pages/help-for-veterans-with-ptsd.asp

Mental Health Matters
Links to subjects including: disorder, treatments and medications.
http://www.mental-health-matters.com/

Various Natural Health Solutions
Health World, Relaxation techniques.
http://www.healthy.net/

Screening tests
Anxiety Disorders Association of America, Screening tests.
http://www.adaa.org/living-with-anxiety/ask-and-learn/faqs#n327

Suicides among sex offenders
Pritchard, C. and King E., (2005). Differential suicide rates in typologies of child sex offenders in a 6-year consecutive cohort of male suicides. International Academy for Suicide Research. Vol.9.No.1. 

Health Insite
A non-commercial, Australian government-funded health information service, aimed to improve well being by providing access to health information and services.
http://www.healthinsite.gov.au/topics/Mental_Illnesses
 
Supporting heroes in mental health foundation
S.H.I.F.T. Supporting heroes in mental health foundation training. (2012).
www.shiftwellness.org

Work exposure to child pornography
Wolak, J. and Mitchell K.J. (November 2009). Work exposure to child pornography in ICAC Task Forces and affiliates. Crimes Against Children Research Center. https://www.unh.edu/ccrc/sites/default/files/media/2022-03/work-exposure-to-child-pornography-in-icac-task-forces-and-affiliates.pdf

Police suicide statistics
Kulbarsh,P. (September 8, 2010). Officer.com. 2009 Police suicide statistics.
http://www.officer.com/article/10232405/2009-police-suicide-statistics

Citing Sources in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

In the era of Artificial Intelligence, proper citation practices have become increasingly vital for maintaining academic integrity and distinguishing human-authored content from AI-generated text. 

As reported by the American Psychological Association, in-text citations and full APA style references play a crucial role in avoiding plagiarism, verifying information, and facilitating further research in an academic landscape transformed by AI technologies.
Learn more here: https://www.perplexity.ai/page/citing-sources-in-the-era-of-a-9WJsmq3JR5iyx1tfdxBKdw

Reference

Kardasz, F. (Editor). (2024). Citing Sources in the Era of Artificial Intelligence. https://www.perplexity.ai/page/citing-sources-in-the-era-of-a-9WJsmq3JR5iyx1tfdxBKdw

The Matter Standard, IoT Devices & Law Enforcement

By Dr. Frank Kardasz, September 29, 2024

Editor: Ava Gozo

Here is an overview of the Matter Standard and its implications for law enforcement, first responders, investigators, and prosecutors.

The Matter Standard

Matter is a relatively new open-source smart home standard designed to simplify the IoT ecosystem and improve interoperability between devices from different manufacturers[3][4]. Developed by the Connectivity Standards Alliance (CSA), Matter aims to create a unified protocol for smart home devices to communicate seamlessly, regardless of brand or platform[3].

Key Features of Matter

• Interoperability: Devices from different brands can work together natively[6].
• Simplicity: Easy to purchase and use for consumers[6].
• Security: Utilizes end-to-end encryption to protect communications between devices[3].
• Offline functionality: Devices can work without constant internet connection[5].
• Multi-admin capability: Allows multiple users to control devices[3].

Implications for Law Enforcement, First Responders, Investigators, and Prosecutors

The adoption of the Matter Standard in smart home devices has several important implications for professionals in law enforcement and legal fields:

1. Enhanced Data Collection and Evidence Gathering

• Broader device compatibility: Matter-enabled devices from various manufacturers can potentially provide a more comprehensive view of a crime scene or incident.
• Offline data: The ability of Matter devices to function offline may allow for data collection even when internet connectivity is disrupted[5].

2. Improved Emergency Response

• Seamless integration: First responders may have easier access to critical information from various smart home devices during emergencies.
• Real-time data: Matter's low-latency communication could provide more up-to-date information to emergency services[5].

3. Cybersecurity Considerations

• Standardized security: Matter's focus on security may lead to more consistent protection across devices, potentially reducing vulnerabilities[3].
• New attack vectors: As with any new technology, Matter may introduce new cybersecurity challenges that investigators need to be aware of.

4. Legal and Privacy Implications

• Data ownership: The multi-admin feature of Matter raises questions about data ownership and access rights in investigations[3].
• Cross-platform evidence: Prosecutors may need to consider how evidence from Matter-enabled devices across different platforms is collected and presented in court.

5. Forensic Analysis

• Standardized protocols: Matter's unified approach may simplify forensic analysis of smart home devices.
• Offline data recovery: The ability to work offline could provide new opportunities for data recovery in investigations[5].

Conclusion

The Matter Standard represents a significant shift in the smart home ecosystem, with potential far-reaching implications for law enforcement, first responders, investigators, and prosecutors. As this technology becomes more widespread, professionals in these fields will need to adapt their practices to effectively leverage the benefits and address the challenges presented by Matter-enabled devices.

It is important for these professionals to stay informed about the development and implementation of the Matter Standard, as it will likely influence future investigations, emergency responses, and legal proceedings involving smart home technologies.

Citations:
[1] https://www.americanbar.org/groups/criminal_justice/standards/ProsecutionFunctionFourthEdition/
[2] https://www.americanbar.org/groups/criminal_justice/publications/criminal_justice_section_archive/crimjust_standards_pinvestigate/
[3] https://lembergsolutions.com/blog/matter-protocol-smart-home-industry
[4] https://www.pcmag.com/explainers/matter-explained
[5] https://www.androidpolice.com/matter-smart-home-standard-explained/
[6] https://csa-iot.org/all-solutions/matter/

Fake Reviews & the FTC Response: Hope for the Consumer

Dr. Frank Kardasz (Ed.D.) Editor Ava Gozo

The prevalence of fake reviews in online marketplaces is a significant issue, affecting consumers and businesses. Fabricated reviews distort consumer perceptions, leading to poor purchasing decisions and undermining trust in online platforms. Research indicates that around 30% of online reviews are fake, with platforms like Amazon experiencing even higher rates, where about 43% of reviews on top products are fabricated. The financial impact is substantial, with fake reviews estimated to cost U.S. businesses nearly $152 billion annually. Fake reviews are a form of fraud. In response, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) introduced rules to combat fake reviews and deceptive marketing practices, aiming to protect consumers and ensure fair competition.

The Problem of Fake Reviews

Fake reviews are not isolated incidents but rather a sophisticated attempt to manipulate consumer behavior and market competition. They can lead consumers to choose lower-quality products, as demonstrated in studies where fake positive reviews influenced consumer choices towards inferior products. The trust in online reviews is crucial for consumer decision-making, with 93% of consumers stating that online reviews impact their purchasing decisions. The manipulation of reviews, whether through creating fake positive reviews or suppressing negative ones, undermines the credibility of online review systems and can damage the reputation of honest businesses.

FTC's Response to Fake Reviews

In light of the problem, the FTC introduced a rule aimed at eliminating these deceptive practices. The rule focuses on several key areas:

• Prohibition of Fake Reviews and Testimonials: The rule bans the creation, sale, and purchase of fake consumer reviews and testimonials, including those generated by AI or other deceptive means.
• Incentivized Reviews: Businesses are forbidden from offering compensation or incentives for reviews that express a specific sentiment, whether positive or negative. This includes both explicit and implicit offers of incentives.
• Insider Reviews: The rule prohibits company insiders, such as employees or managers, from writing reviews without clear disclosure of their connection to the business. It also restricts businesses from disseminating such reviews if they knew or should have known about the insider connection.
• Misleading Review Websites: Companies are barred from misrepresenting that a website they control provides independent reviews, ensuring transparency and honesty in how reviews are presented to consumers.
• Review Suppression: The rule outlaws the use of legal threats or intimidation to suppress negative reviews. Businesses cannot misrepresent the completeness of reviews displayed on their platforms.
• Social Media Influence Manipulation: The FTC prohibits the sale or purchase of fake social media indicators, such as followers or likes, when these are used to misrepresent influence for commercial purposes.

Penalties for Non-Compliance

The FTC has established penalties for businesses that fail to comply with the new rule:

• Monetary Fines: The FTC can seek civil penalties of up to $52,000 per violation for businesses found in violation of the rule. This penalty applies to each instance of a prohibited action, such as creating, selling, or buying fake reviews and testimonials.
• Scope of Violations: The penalties apply to various deceptive practices, including the use of AI-generated fake reviews, insider reviews without proper disclosure, and the buying or selling of fake social media indicators like followers or likes.
• Court Discretion: While the maximum penalty is set at $52,000 per violation, courts have the discretion to impose lower penalties depending on the circumstances of each case.

Conclusion

The FTC's rule against fake reviews represents an effort to clean up the digital marketplace. The rule aims to foster an improved environment for businesses and an attempt to protect consumers. This regulation is set to take effect 60 days after its publication in the Federal Register, marking an enhancement in the FTC's enforcement capabilities. As fake reviews continue to be a significant problem across various platforms, the need for continued vigilance and stricter enforcement measures remains critical. It remains to be seen whether or not the new rules can be effectively enforced to slow the proliferation of fake reviews.

References

Akesson, J. (November, 2023). National Bureau of Economic Research. (n.d.). https://www.nber.org/papers/w31836

Entrepreneur. (July, 2023). FTC proposes rule to protect consumers from fake reviews. Retrieved from https://www.entrepreneur.com/business-news/ftc-proposes-rule-to-protect-consumers-from-fake-reviews/455215

Exploding Topics. (December, 2023). Online review stats. https://explodingtopics.com/blog/online-review-stats

Federal Trade Commission. (2024, August). Federal Trade Commission announces final rule banning fake reviews and testimonials. FTC. https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/2024/08/federal-trade-commission-announces-final-rule-banning-fake-reviews-testimonials 

InvespCRO. (May, 2023). Fake reviews statistics. https://www.invespcro.com/blog/fake-reviews-statistics/

Sahut, J. (March, 2024). ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0148296324000766

Song, Y. (September, 2023). ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0148296323003296

WiserNotify. (n.d). Fake review stats. https://wisernotify.com/blog/fake-review-stats/

QUIZ: Test Your IoT Knowledge

 

Click the links to test your knowledge about (IoT)

 

Quiz 1 - Basics:   https://forms.gle/rgJbxyWcnXVk8r1p7
 

Quiz 2 - Architecture:   https://forms.gle/QcWXzjF7QqZTVAar5
 

Quiz 3 - Security:   https://forms.gle/jzYcsYWZWLRGmd3c9
 

Quiz 4 - Applications:   https://forms.gle/3wvLr1CQDavfNk437
 

Quiz 5 - Technologies:   https://forms.gle/LLLCydSd3o8fG7rh7
 

Quiz 6 - Standards & Protocols:   https://forms.gle/K4Hkuu52TqGbNBew8

 

Editor: Ava Gozo.

 

Smart Fabric that Creates Electricity

Dr. Frank Kardasz, (Ed.D.) Editor: Ava Gozo.

August 15, 2024

Researchers at the University of Waterloo developed a smart fabric that can convert body heat and solar energy into electricity, paving the way for a new era in wearable technology[1][2]. This material offers multifunctional sensing capabilities and self-powering potential, eliminating the need for external power sources or frequent recharging[1][3].

Key Features and Applications

Energy Harvesting: The fabric can generate electricity from both body heat and sunlight, making it a versatile power source for various applications[1]. When embedded in a mask, it can convert body heat into electricity using the temperature difference between the body and the environment[1].

Health Monitoring: The smart fabric can be integrated with sensors to monitor heart rate, temperature, and even detect chemicals in breath[1]. This capability opens up possibilities for early detection of viruses, lung cancer, and other diseases[1].

Performance Tracking: Athletes could use this fabric to track their performance without the need for bulky wearables[1].

Joint Health Assessment: The fabric's exceptional strain sensing capabilities allow for monitoring body joint conditions through its deformation[1].

Technical Innovations

The researchers combined materials like MXene and conductive polymers with cutting-edge textile production methods to create this smart fabric[1]. A sticky polydopamine (PDA) layer is applied to nylon fabric, creating a surface that attracts MXene particles through hydrogen bonds[1]. This structure results in a stretchy thermoelectric fabric that is more stable, durable, and cost-effective than existing market alternatives[1][3].

Advantages Over Current Wearable Technology

1. Self-powering: Eliminates the need for batteries or external power sources[1][3].
2. Durability: The fabric's functionality remains stable for extended periods, even after washing, crumpling, or folding[4].
3. Comfort: Being stretchable, waterproof, and breathable, the material can be comfortably integrated into wearables[4].
4. Versatility: Can be used for various applications, from health monitoring to energy harvesting[1][2].

Future Developments

The research team plans to enhance the fabric's performance and integrate it with electronic components[1]. They aim to develop a smartphone application that would collect and transmit health data directly to healthcare providers, enabling continuous, non-invasive health monitoring[1].

Potential Impact

This smart fabric technology could revolutionize various sectors:

1. Healthcare: Enabling continuous, non-invasive health monitoring and early disease detection[1].
2. Sports and Fitness: Providing athletes with seamless performance tracking capabilities[1].
3. Environmental Monitoring: Facilitating data collection for AI-driven analysis in various fields[1].
4. Energy Conservation: Harnessing renewable energy sources for powering wearable devices[1][2].

Challenges and Considerations

While the smart fabric shows great promise, there are potential challenges to consider:

1. Cost: The production cost and scalability of the technology are not yet clear[4].
2. Privacy Concerns: Continuous health monitoring may raise data privacy issues that need to be addressed.
3. Regulatory Approval: Medical applications of the technology would require rigorous testing and approval processes.

For Bad or for Good

This innovative smart fabric technology, while promising for various beneficial applications, could potentially be exploited by both criminals and law enforcement in ways that raise ethical concerns. Criminals might use the fabric's sensing capabilities to create undetectable surveillance devices, monitoring victims' vital signs or movements without their knowledge. They could also exploit the energy-harvesting feature to power covert listening devices or tracking systems for extended periods without needing to replace batteries.

On the law enforcement side, the technology could be used to develop "smart uniforms" that continuously monitor officers' stress levels and physical conditions during high-risk situations. However, this same capability could be misused for unauthorized surveillance of citizens, potentially infringing on privacy rights. The fabric's ability to detect chemicals in breath could be employed in covert drug testing operations, bypassing normal legal procedures.

Additionally, the technology might be integrated into prison uniforms to track inmates' locations and vital signs, which, while potentially enhancing security, could be seen as a violation of prisoners' rights if implemented without proper oversight. As with many technological advancements, the ethical use of this smart fabric will largely depend on the regulations and safeguards put in place to govern its application in both public and private sectors.

Conclusion

The development of this smart fabric represents a leap forward in wearable technology. By combining energy harvesting capabilities with multifunctional sensing, it addresses many of the limitations of current wearable devices. As research continues and the technology is refined, we can expect to see a range of applications emerge, from healthcare and fitness to environmental monitoring and beyond. Proponents believe that this innovation has the potential to transform how we interact with technology in our daily lives, making it more seamless, efficient, and integrated.

Citations:
[1] https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/fabric-generates-electricity-from-body-heat
[2] https://scienceblog.com/546859/solar-powered-smart-fabric-heralds-new-era-in-wearable-tech/
[3] https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/news/thermoelectric-fabric-shows-multifunctional-sensing-capabilities
[4] https://www.freethink.com/hard-tech/smart-fabric
[5] https://magazine.mindplex.ai/mp_news/smart-fabric-for-sensing-and-energy-harvesting/

Privacy Nightmare: National Public Data Hacked

 

Editor: Ava Gozo. August 15, 2024.

A massive data breach allegedly occurred at National Public Data, a company that provides background checks and public records data. Here are the key details:

The Breach

National Public Data reportedly suffered a data breach that exposed the personal information of approximately 2.9 billion people[1][2]. The breach is believed to have occurred in late December 2023, with potential data leaks in April 2024 and summer 2024[2].

Stolen Information

The compromised data allegedly includes:

• Full names
• Email addresses
• Phone numbers
• Social Security numbers
• Mailing addresses[2]

Hacking Group Involvement

A hacking group known as USDoD claimed responsibility for the breach. They allegedly offered the stolen database, which is about 4 terabytes in size, for sale on the dark web for $3.5 million[3][4].

Timeline & Discovery

• April 2024: The hackers reportedly posted the database on a dark web forum for sale[4].
• July 2024: Some individuals learned their data was compromised through identity theft protection services[3].
• August 2024: The breach gained widespread media attention, and a class-action lawsuit was filed in Florida[3][4].

National Public Data's Response

National Public Data acknowledged the incident on its website, stating they are cooperating with law enforcement and governmental investigators. They have implemented additional security measures to prevent future breaches[2].

Uncertainty Surrounding the Breach

As of mid-August 2024, there was still some uncertainty about the full extent and details of the breach. Some experts expressed caution about the reported scale of the incident, citing technical difficulties in exfiltrating such a massive amount of data undetected[4].

Recommended Actions

If you believe your data may have been compromised:

1. Monitor your financial accounts closely.
2. Contact the three major U.S. credit reporting agencies for free credit reports.
3. Consider freezing your credit.
4. Stay vigilant for potential phishing attempts.
5. Change passwords for sensitive accounts.
6. Consider signing up for identity theft protection services[2][3].

As the situation continues to develop, it's advisable to stay informed about any updates or official communications from National Public Data regarding the breach.

References

USA Today. (2024, August 15). 2.9 billion records stolen in Social Security data hack, USDoD claims. https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2024/08/15/social-security-hack-national-public-data-breach/74807903007/ Pocono Record. (2024, August 14). What to do if your data was leaked in the 

National Public Data leak. https://www.poconorecord.com/story/news/2024/08/14/what-to-do-if-your-data-was-leaked-in-the-national-public-data-leak/74796229007/  

News4Jax. (2024, August 15). Billions of people possibly compromised after National Public Data breach. https://www.news4jax.com/news/local/2024/08/15/billions-of-people-possibly-compromised-after-national-public-data-breach/  

SecurityWeek. (n.d.). Unconfirmed hack of 2.9 billion records at National Public Data sparks media frenzy amid lawsuits. https://www.securityweek.com/unconfirmed-hack-of-2-9-billion-records-at-national-public-data-sparks-media-frenzy-amid-lawsuits/  

YouTube. (n.d.). [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6-qEt3KOFs 

Citations 

[1] https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2024/08/15/social-security-hack-national-public-data-breach/74807903007/
[2] https://www.poconorecord.com/story/news/2024/08/14/what-to-do-if-your-data-was-leaked-in-the-national-public-data-leak/74796229007/
[3] https://www.news4jax.com/news/local/2024/08/15/billions-of-people-possibly-compromised-after-national-public-data-breach/
[4] https://www.securityweek.com/unconfirmed-hack-of-2-9-billion-records-at-national-public-data-sparks-media-frenzy-amid-lawsuits/
[5] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6-qEt3KOFs

Lessons from the CrowdStrike Blue-Screen-of-Death Crisis

Editor: Ava Gozo. 

Introduction 

In July 2024, a significant global technology disruption occurred due to a problematic software update released by CrowdStrike, a leading cybersecurity firm. This incident led to widespread computer outages and the notorious "Blue Screen of Death" (BSOD) on Windows systems across various industries worldwide. The event had profound implications, affecting airlines, banks, healthcare providers, and other critical sectors. This report review the details of the incident, its impact, and the subsequent responses from CrowdStrike and affected parties.

The Incident

What Happened?

On July 19, 2024, CrowdStrike released a content configuration update for its Falcon sensor, a software designed to protect against cyber threats. This update, intended to gather telemetry on potential novel threat techniques, inadvertently caused Windows systems to crash, displaying the BSOD. The issue affected Windows hosts running sensor version 7.11 and above that were online during the update window[2][3].

Immediate Impact 

The faulty update led to a global outage, impacting numerous organizations, including airlines, banks, healthcare providers, and government agencies. The BSOD, a familiar error screen for Windows users, indicated that the operating systems had crashed and were unable to function properly. This caused significant disruptions, including flight cancellations, halted banking services, and interrupted healthcare operations[4][6][8].

Key Affected Sectors

Airlines

Delta Air Lines was one of the most severely impacted companies. The outage rendered Delta's essential crew tracking system inoperable for nearly a week, leading to the cancellation of approximately 30% of its flights over five days and affecting an estimated half a million travelers. Delta's CEO, Ed Bastian, estimated the financial impact at $500 million[1][6].

Banking and Financial Services

Banks and financial institutions worldwide experienced disruptions in their operations. The inability to access critical systems led to delays in transactions and other financial services, causing frustration among customers and potential financial losses for the institutions involved[5][8].

Healthcare

Healthcare providers faced significant challenges due to the outage. The inability to access patient records and other critical systems disrupted medical services, potentially putting patient health at risk. The incident underscored the vulnerability of healthcare systems to technological failures[6].

Other Sectors

Other sectors, including telecommunications, retail, and even public services like emergency response systems, were affected. The widespread nature of the outage highlighted the interconnectedness of modern technology and the cascading effects of a single point of failure[3][6][8].

Responses and Remediation

CrowdStrike's Response

CrowdStrike quickly identified the issue and deployed a fix within hours of the incident. The company reverted the faulty update and provided a workaround for affected users to restore their systems. CrowdStrike's CEO, George Kurtz, issued a public apology and emphasized the company's commitment to transparency and customer support during the recovery process[2][3][8].

Delta Air Lines' Reaction

Delta Air Lines publicly criticized CrowdStrike for the outage and announced its intention to seek compensation for the financial losses incurred. Delta's CEO claimed that CrowdStrike had not provided adequate support during the crisis, a claim that CrowdStrike disputed, stating that Delta had declined offers of assistance[1][6][7].

Global Impact and Recovery

The global scale of the outage meant that recovery efforts varied across different regions and sectors. While some organizations were able to restore their systems relatively quickly, others, like Delta, faced prolonged disruptions. CrowdStrike reported that over 97% of affected Windows sensors were back online within a week, but full recovery took longer for some entities[8].

Lessons Learned and Future Prevention

Importance of Rigorous Testing

The incident highlighted the critical need for rigorous testing of software updates, especially those that impact essential systems. Ensuring that updates are thoroughly vetted before deployment can prevent similar issues in the future.

Enhanced Resilience and Redundancy

Organizations must invest in enhancing the resilience and redundancy of their IT infrastructure. This includes having backup systems and contingency plans in place to mitigate the impact of unexpected outages.

Improved Communication and Support

Effective communication and support are crucial during a crisis. CrowdStrike's swift identification and remediation of the issue were commendable, but the incident also underscored the importance of clear communication between service providers and their clients.

Cybersecurity Vigilance

While the incident was not a cyberattack, it served as a reminder of the importance of cybersecurity vigilance. Organizations must remain alert to potential vulnerabilities and ensure that they are engaging with official support channels to receive accurate information and assistance.

Conclusion

The CrowdStrike incident in July 2024 serves as a stark reminder of the potential for widespread disruption caused by a single software update. The global impact, affecting critical sectors like airlines, banking, and healthcare, underscored the interconnectedness of modern technology and the importance of robust IT management practices. Moving forward, organizations must prioritize rigorous testing, enhanced resilience, and effective communication to mitigate the risks of similar incidents. The lessons learned from this event will be crucial in shaping future strategies for managing and preventing technology disruptions.

References

• Maruf, R. (2024, August 5). CrowdStrike fires back at Delta, claiming the airline ignored offers of assistance. CNN.
• CrowdStrike. (2024). Falcon Content Update Remediation and Guidance Hub.
• ISC2 Community. (2024, July 21). ALL THINGS CrowdStrike - July 2024 Incident.
• CBS News. (2024, July 19). What is Microsoft's "blue screen of death?" Here's what it means and how to fix it.
• Mchardy, M. (2024, July 19). 'Blue Screen of Death' For Global Microsoft Users. Newsweek.
• Genovese, D. (2024, August 5). CrowdStrike says Delta refused its offers help after global tech outage. Fox Business.
• Reuters. (2024, August 5). CrowdStrike rejects Delta Air Lines claims over flight woes.
• CyberGuy. (2024, July 19). Windows users worldwide face Blue Screen of Death due to CrowdStrike issue.

Citations:
[1] https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/05/business/crowdstrike-fires-back-at-delta/index.html
[2] https://www.crowdstrike.com/falcon-content-update-remediation-and-guidance-hub/
[3] https://community.isc2.org/t5/Industry-News/ALL-THINGS-CrowdStrike-July-2024-Incident/td-p/72327
[4] https://www.cbsnews.com/news/microsoft-crowdstrike-outage-blue-screen-of-death-how-to-fix/
[5] https://www.newsweek.com/blue-screen-death-microsoft-outage-latest-update-1927510
[6] https://www.foxbusiness.com/lifestyle/crowdstrike-says-delta-refused-its-offers-help-after-global-tech-outage
[7] https://www.reuters.com/technology/cybersecurity/crowdstrike-says-it-should-not-be-blamed-delta-airlines-cyber-outage-2024-08-05/
[8] https://cyberguy.com/news/windows-users-worldwide-face-blue-screen-of-death-due-to-crowdstrike-issue/

ENCRYPTED MESSAGING APPS: PROS, CONS, LEGALITIES & TIPS

Dr. Frank Kardasz, MPA, Ed.D.

Editor: Ava Gozo. 

Section I - Pros and Cons

 

Encrypted messaging apps are increasingly popular due to heightened concerns about privacy and security. These apps offer various features that protect communications from unauthorized access, but they may also come with certain drawbacks. Below is an overview of the pros and cons of encrypted messaging apps.

 

Pros of Encrypted Messaging Apps

 

Enhanced Privacy and Security

 

• End-to-End Encryption (E2EE): Messages are encrypted on the sender's device and only decrypted on the recipient's device, intended to ensure that no intermediaries, including the service provider, can read the content[7].

• Data Protection: E2EE protects against hackers and unauthorized access, making it difficult for attackers to intercept and decipher messages[8].

 

Control Over Shared Content

 

• Disappearing Messages: Many apps offer features like self-destructing messages, which automatically delete messages after a set period, adding an extra layer of security[3].

• Anonymous Sharing: Some apps allow users to share content anonymously, reducing the risk of personal information being exposed[1].

 

Transparency and Trust

 

• Open Source: Apps like Signal are open source, allowing independent audits and transparency in how the app functions and handles data[3].

• Minimal Data Logging: Secure messaging apps often log minimal data, such as not storing IP addresses or metadata, which enhances user privacy[3].

 

Convenience and Accessibility

 

• Free and Mobile-Optimized: Many encrypted messaging apps are free and optimized for mobile use, making them accessible to a wide range of users[1].

• Cross-Platform Availability: These apps are often available on multiple platforms, including Android, iOS, Windows, and macOS, ensuring broad compatibility[3].

 

Cons of Encrypted Messaging Apps

 

User Experience and Features

 

• Limited Additional Features: Fully encrypted apps may lack additional features like message history or contextual services, which can be a drawback for users who need these functionalities[7].

• Usability Issues: Some users may find encrypted messaging apps less user-friendly, especially if they require complex setup processes or lack intuitive interfaces[3].

 

Anonymity and Metadata Exposure

 

• Metadata Visibility: While the content of messages is encrypted, metadata (such as who you communicate with and when) is sometimes not hidden, potentially compromising anonymity[8].

• Phone Number Requirement: Many apps, including Signal and Telegram, require a phone number for registration, which can undermine user anonymity[4].

 

Security Limitations

 

• Device Security: E2EE does not protect messages if an attacker gains physical access to the device. Therefore, device-level security measures are crucial[7].

• Potential for Abuse: The anonymity and privacy offered by these apps can also be exploited for malicious activities, such as cyberbullying or harassment[1].

 

Regulatory and Compliance Issues

 

• Government Bans: Some foreign governments may ban or restrict the use of encrypted messaging apps, citing national security concerns[8].

• Compliance Challenges: Companies using these apps may face challenges in complying with legal requirements for data access and retention[8].

 

Conclusion

 

Encrypted messaging apps offer significant advantages in terms of privacy, security, and control over shared content. However, they also come with certain limitations, including potential usability issues, metadata exposure, and regulatory challenges. Users must weigh these pros and cons based on their specific needs and threat models to choose the most appropriate app for their communication needs.

 

Citations:
[1] https://trustarc.com/resource/private-messaging-apps/
[2] https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/comments/l3vp4o/pros_and_cons_of_different_messaging_apps/
[3] https://restoreprivacy.com/secure-encrypted-messaging-apps/signal/
[4] https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidbalaban/2024/02/18/security-factors-to-consider-when-choosing-a-messaging-app/
[5] https://nordvpn.com/blog/most-secure-messaging-app/
[6] https://www.icfj.org/news/secure-messaging-apps-pros-and-cons-each-platform
[7] https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/tech/end-to-end-encryption
[8] https://virola.io/articles/pros-and-cons-of-using-end-to-end-encryption

 

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Section II - What Are Some Examples of Encrypted Messaging Apps?

 

Here are some widely recognized encrypted messaging apps, each offering unique features and varying levels of security:

 

1. Signal

 

Signal is often considered the gold standard for encrypted messaging apps. It provides end-to-end encryption for text, voice, and video communications. Signal's open-source encryption protocol is regularly audited, ensuring transparency and security. Additional features include self-destructing messages, encrypted stickers, and disappearing messages[1][4][7].

 

2. WhatsApp

 

WhatsApp uses the Signal Protocol for end-to-end encryption, making it a secure option for text, voice, and video chats. However, concerns about privacy arise due to its ownership by Meta (formerly Facebook) and the collection of metadata. Despite this, WhatsApp remains one of the most popular messaging apps globally[1][7].

 

3. Telegram

 

Telegram offers end-to-end encryption for its Secret Chats, while regular chats are encrypted but stored on Telegram's servers. It is known for its large group chat capabilities, channels, and bots. Telegram also includes features like disappearing messages and self-destructing media[1][4][7].

 

4. Threema

 

Threema is a Swiss-made app that emphasizes privacy and security. It provides end-to-end encryption for all communication types and does not require a phone number for registration, enhancing user anonymity. Threema also offers features like group chats, file sharing, and a polling system[6][7][8].

 

5. Wire

 

Wire offers end-to-end encryption for instant messages, voice, and video calls. It is particularly popular among businesses due to its clean interface and support for multiple accounts. Wire also allows for cross-device syncing and is open-source, ensuring transparency[7][8].

 

6. Element (formerly Riot)

 

Element is built on the decentralized Matrix protocol, which enhances privacy by not storing data on a central server. It supports end-to-end encryption, voice and video calls, and bridges to other platforms. Element is ideal for those seeking a decentralized communication solution[4][8].

 

7. Session

 

Session is designed for maximum anonymity and privacy, using a decentralized network to route messages. It does not require a phone number or email for registration, making it an excellent choice for users who prioritize anonymity[2][3].

 

8. SimpleX

 

SimpleX is another app that focuses on privacy and anonymity. It does not require a phone number or email for registration and uses a unique method to ensure that even metadata is not exposed[3].

 

Conclusion

 

Each of these encrypted messaging apps offers robust security features, but the best choice depends on your specific needs and priorities. Signal is highly recommended for overall security and transparency, while Threema and Session are excellent for those who value anonymity. Telegram and WhatsApp offer a balance of security and user-friendly features, making them suitable for general use.

 

Citations:
[1] https://www.pcmag.com/picks/best-secure-messaging-apps
[2] https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/comments/14b9ko7/what_encrypted_communication_app_to_use/
[3] https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/comments/1ct6oty/can_anyone_tell_me_which_encrypted_messaging_apps/
[4] https://www.techradar.com/best/best-encrypted-messaging-app-android
[5] https://www.rocket.chat/blog/most-secure-messaging-apps
[6] https://www.uctoday.com/unified-communications/the-best-encrypted-messaging-apps-for-businesses-in-2024/
[7] https://www.tomsguide.com/reference/best-encrypted-messaging-apps
[8] https://computercity.com/internet/social-media/whatsapp-alternative

 

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Section II - Legitimate & Illegitimate uses for  Encrypted Messaging Apps

 

Encrypted messaging apps have both legitimate and illegitimate uses. Here's an overview of some common applications in both categories:

 

Legitimate Uses

 

Personal Privacy and Security

 

• Protecting sensitive personal conversations from hackers or surveillance

• Securing financial information when discussing transactions

• Safeguarding medical information in communications with healthcare providers

 

Professional Confidentiality

 

• Lawyers communicating confidentially with clients

• Journalists protecting sources and sensitive information

• Business executives discussing proprietary information or trade secrets

 

Human Rights and Activism

 

• Activists organizing in repressive regimes

• Whistleblowers sharing information with journalists or authorities

• NGOs coordinating sensitive operations in dangerous areas

 

Government and Military

 

• Diplomats communicating securely about international affairs

• Military personnel sharing classified information

• Law enforcement coordinating sensitive operations

 

Everyday Communication

 

• Individuals who simply value their privacy in day-to-day conversations

• Families sharing personal information and photos securely

 

Illegitimate Uses

 

Criminal Activities

 

• Drug trafficking and illegal arms deals

• Money laundering and financial fraud

• Human trafficking operations

• Terrorist planning and coordination

 

Child Exploitation

 

• Distribution of child sexual abuse material (CSAM)

• Grooming and exploitation of minors

 

Cybercrime

 

• Planning and coordinating cyberattacks

• Sharing stolen data or hacking tools

• Ransomware operations

 

Espionage

 

• Industrial espionage and corporate theft

• State-sponsored espionage activities

 

Evading Law Enforcement

 

• Criminals using encryption to hide evidence from authorities

• Coordinating illegal activities while avoiding detection

 

Conclusion

 

It's important to note that while encrypted messaging apps can be used for illegal activities, the technology itself is neutral. The same encryption that protects criminals can also safeguard vulnerable individuals, protect human rights, and ensure privacy for law-abiding citizens. The challenge lies in balancing the need for privacy and security with the need to prevent and investigate serious crimes.

 

Citations:
[1] https://www.pcmag.com/picks/best-secure-messaging-apps
[2] https://zapier.com/blog/best-secure-messaging-app/
[3] https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/glossary/what-is-encrypted-text-messaging/
[4] https://cybernews.com/security/cybercriminals-are-using-encrypted-chat-apps-as-illegal-marketplaces/
[5] https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-66716502
[6] https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-66716502
[7] https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/06/fbi-snooped-on-criminals-using-encrypted-messaging-app.html
[8] https://humantraffickingfront.org/encryption-and-child-safety/

 

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Section IV -Do any US States ban Encrypted Messaging Apps as Illegal?

 

No state in the United States has outright banned encrypted messaging apps for the general public, but there are specific restrictions in place for certain groups, particularly government employees, to ensure compliance with open-records laws.

 

State-Specific Restrictions

 

Michigan

Michigan has taken steps to restrict the use of encrypted messaging apps by state workers. The Michigan State Senate voted to block state workers from using messaging apps that feature end-to-end encryption on their government-issued phones. This measure aims to ensure that state employees cannot use these apps to evade open-records laws, which require the preservation of public records[1].

 

Oklahoma

In Oklahoma, there have been concerns raised about state officials using encrypted messaging apps like Signal. While there is no outright ban, the use of such apps has raised questions about transparency and compliance with the state's Open Records Act. The Attorney General's office has strongly discouraged public officials from using third-party messaging applications for communicating about public business[2].

 

Colorado

A report by the Colorado Freedom of Information Coalition recommended banning public officials from using encrypted or disappearing messaging apps for official business. This recommendation came after allegations of violations of the state's open meetings law. However, as of now, this remains a recommendation and not an enacted law[4].

 

Conclusion

While no state in the U.S. has banned encrypted messaging apps for the general public, several states have implemented or considered restrictions for government employees to ensure transparency and compliance with open-records laws. These measures are primarily aimed at preventing the use of encrypted messaging apps to evade legal requirements for preserving public records.

 

Citations:
[1] https://statescoop.com/michigan-ban-encrypted-messaging/
[2] https://okcfox.com/news/local/oklahoma-officials-use-of-encrypted-messaging-app-raises-concerns-over-open-records-act-transparency-and-legality-gentner-drummond-signal-app-kevin-stitt-department-of-corrections-police-san-diego-phoenix-eugene-oregon
[3] https://spectrum.ieee.org/encrypted-messaging-app
[4] https://www.denver7.com/news/politics/report-recommends-co-ban-public-officials-use-of-encrypted-disappearing-messaging-apps-for-official-business
[5] https://www.reddit.com/r/cryptography/comments/1eesz8y/can_the_usa_government_break_into_thomas_crooks/
[6] https://www.internetsociety.org/blog/2023/06/speak-out-against-bills-that-threaten-end-to-end-encryption/

 

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Section V – are there any specific laws, codes or regulations banning the use of the Apps?

 

Here are the specific laws, codes, or regulations in the states where the use of encrypted messaging apps is banned or restricted:

 

Michigan

 

Law: House Bill 4778

• Description: Michigan House Bill 4778 prohibits state departments and agencies from using any app, software, or other technology that prevents them from maintaining or preserving electronic public records. This includes apps that use end-to-end encryption and those that allow for the automatic deletion of messages.

• Purpose: The law aims to ensure compliance with the Michigan Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) by preventing state employees from using encrypted messaging apps that could be used to evade open-records laws.

• Status: Passed by the Michigan State Senate and House in 2021[2][3][7][8].

 

Oklahoma

 

Guidance: Attorney General's Office

• Description: While there is no specific law banning the use of encrypted messaging apps, the Oklahoma Attorney General's Office strongly discourages public officials from using third-party messaging applications for communicating about public business. This guidance is based on the Oklahoma Open Records Act, which requires that electronic communications concerning public business be preserved and produced upon request.

• Purpose: To ensure transparency and compliance with the Open Records Act, preventing public officials from using encrypted messaging apps to conduct official business in a manner that evades public scrutiny.

• Status: Official guidance rather than a formal law[4].

 

Colorado

 

Recommendation: Colorado Freedom of Information Coalition (CFOIC)

• Description: The Colorado Freedom of Information Coalition has recommended that Colorado enact legislation similar to Michigan's House Bill 4778. This recommendation follows concerns about the use of encrypted and disappearing messaging apps by public officials, which could undermine open government laws.

• Purpose: To ensure that public officials do not use ephemeral messaging apps to evade disclosure requirements under the Colorado Open Records Act (CORA).

• Status: As of now, this remains a recommendation and has not been enacted into law[5][6].

 

Conclusion

While Michigan has enacted specific legislation to ban the use of encrypted messaging apps by state employees to ensure compliance with FOIA, Oklahoma has issued strong guidance against their use based on existing open records laws. Colorado has recommendations in place but has not yet enacted similar legislation. These measures are primarily aimed at preventing the use of such apps to evade legal requirements for preserving public records.

 

Citations:
[1] https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2021/01/22/state-police-phone-apps-keep-text-messages-secret/4236305001/
[2] https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2021/11/02/senate-bill-bans-michigan-text-encryption-apps-signal-foia/8564251002/
[3] https://lancasteronline.com/news/local/what-happens-when-elected-officials-use-encrypted-apps-lancaster-watchdog/article_941b7f1a-f32a-11ec-8c32-4353da18029c.html
[4] https://okcfox.com/news/local/oklahoma-officials-use-of-encrypted-messaging-app-raises-concerns-over-open-records-act-transparency-and-legality-gentner-drummond-signal-app-kevin-stitt-department-of-corrections-police-san-diego-phoenix-eugene-oregon
[5] https://coloradofoic.org/colorado-lawmakers-commit-to-stop-auto-deleting-instant-messages-with-other-lawmakers/
[6] https://coloradofoic.org/cfoic-report-colorado-should-bar-public-officials-use-of-disappearing-messaging-apps-for-official-business/
[7] https://alecmuffett.com/article/15362
[8] https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/580868-michigan-to-prohibit-lawmakers-from-using-messaging-apps-that-skirt-foia/

 

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Section VI - Tips, Advice, & Suggestions

 

Using encrypted messaging apps can significantly enhance your privacy and security. Here are some overall tips, advice, and suggestions to help you use these apps effectively:

 

General Tips for Using Encrypted Messaging Apps

 

1. Choose the Right App

 

• Assess Your Needs: Different apps offer varying levels of security and features. For example, Signal is highly recommended for its robust security and open-source nature, while WhatsApp is popular for its user base and ease of use[1][2][5].

• Check Encryption Standards: Ensure the app uses end-to-end encryption (E2EE) to protect your messages from being accessed by anyone other than the intended recipient[2][5].

 

2. Configure Security Settings

 

• Enable All Security Features: Turn on features like disappearing messages, two-factor authentication (2FA), and encrypted backups if available[3][4][8].

• Disable Cloud Backups: Cloud backups can compromise the security of your messages. If you must use backups, ensure they are encrypted[2][5].

 

3. Protect Your Metadata

 

• Use a VPN: A Virtual Private Network (VPN) can help obscure your online activity, including the fact that you are using an encrypted messaging app[2].

• Be Aware of Metadata: While E2EE protects message content, metadata (such as who you communicate with and when) may still be exposed. Choose apps that minimize metadata collection[2][5].

 

4. Maintain Device Security

 

• Keep Your Device Secure: Use strong passwords, biometric locks, and keep your device's software up to date to protect against malware and unauthorized access[3][8].

• Avoid Using Compromised Devices: If you suspect your device is compromised, avoid using it for sensitive communications[3].

 

5. Verify Contacts

 

• Use Safety Numbers: Apps like Signal allow you to verify safety numbers to ensure you are communicating with the intended person and not an impostor[3].

• Regularly Re-Verify: Periodically re-verify your contacts to maintain the integrity of your secure communications[3].

 

6. Be Cautious with Additional Features

 

• Limit Use of Extra Features: Features like link previews, geolocation sharing, and GIFs can introduce vulnerabilities. Disable these features if they are not essential[8].

• Avoid Hybrid Modes: Some apps support both encrypted and unencrypted messaging. Stick to fully encrypted modes to avoid confusion and potential security lapses[8].

 

7. Educate Yourself and Your Contacts

 

• Stay Informed: Keep up with the latest security practices and updates for your chosen app[1][7].

• Educate Your Contacts: Ensure that the people you communicate with also follow best practices to maintain the security of your conversations[2][8].

 

8. Use Open Source Apps When Possible

 

• Transparency: Open-source apps like Signal allow the community to audit the code, ensuring there are no hidden vulnerabilities[3][5].

• Trustworthiness: Open-source projects are generally more transparent about their security practices and data handling policies[3][5].

 

Conclusion

 

Using encrypted messaging apps is a great way to protect your privacy and secure your communications. By choosing the right app, configuring security settings, protecting your metadata, maintaining device security, verifying contacts, being cautious with additional features, educating yourself and your contacts, and preferring open-source apps, you can significantly enhance the security of your digital communications.

 

Citations:
[1] https://www.hucu.ai/eight-tips-for-the-best-secure-messaging-app/
[2] https://dem.tools/blog/tips-using-common-secure-online-messaging-apps
[3] https://freedom.press/training/signal-beginners/
[4] https://quickblox.com/blog/what-is-secure-messaging/
[5] https://www.pcmag.com/picks/best-secure-messaging-apps
[6] https://sendbird.com/blog/secure-messaging-apps
[7] https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidbalaban/2024/02/18/security-factors-to-consider-when-choosing-a-messaging-app/
[8] https://usa.kaspersky.com/blog/what-makes-a-messenger-secure/28646/

 

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Link to more information: https://www.perplexity.ai/page/encrypted-messaging-apps-pros-yLtduBDtT.2Hc4IRXYAbSg